‘tr’ stands for ‘translate’. It is use to translate, like from lowercase to uppercase and vice versa or new lines into spaces.
Sample syntax with tr command :
# command | tr <‘old’> <‘old’>
Change Case
‘tr’ command can change case.
Sample syntax with tr command :
# command | tr <‘old’> <‘old’>
Sample syntax with tr command :
# command | tr <‘old’> <‘old’>
Like example of tr command :
# cat test | tr ‘prcu’ ‘PRCU’
See your terminal after run the command, p, r, c, u are convert into upper case P,R,C,U
Remove new lines with tr command
Write the all lines into a single line we have to translate all new lines into spaces.
Sample syntax with tr remove command :
# command | tr <‘\n’> <‘ ‘>
Like example of tr command :
# cat test | tr ‘\n’ ‘ ‘
tr Options
tr -s :
The command tr -s squeezes the occurrence of multiple characters into one.
Sample syntax with tr options command :
# command | tr -s <‘letter’>
Like example of tr -s command :
# cat test | tr -s ‘l’
# cat test | tr -s ‘ ‘
See your terminal after run the command, command “cat test | tr -s ‘l’ “ has squeezed all the letters ‘l’ into one and command “cat test | tr -s ‘ ‘” has squeezed all the spaces into single space.
tr rot13 :
This command encrypts the text. It is case-sensitive.
Like example of tr a-z command :
# cat test | tr ‘a-z’ ‘nopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklm’
# cat test | tr ‘a-z’ ‘n-za-m’
Look your terminal after run command, all the letters are encrypte according to the command. But letter ‘A’ and ‘M’ are not encrypte as they are in upper case.
tr -d:
‘tr -d’ command is use to delete characters.
Sample syntax with tr -d command :
# command | tr -d <letter>
Like example of tr a-z command :
# cat test | tr -d o
Look your terminal after run the command, all the ‘o’ letters are delete from the file ‘test’.
Please practice more and more then you will gain expertness.